وَمَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِى يَنْعِقُ بِمَا لَا يَسْمَعُ إِلَّا دُعَآءًۭ وَنِدَآءًۭ ۚ صُمٌّۢ بُكْمٌ عُمْىٌۭ فَهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ
171
سُورَةُ البَقَرَةِ
English — Sahih International
The example of those who disbelieve is like that of one who shouts at what hears nothing but calls and cries cattle or sheep - deaf, dumb and blind, so they do not understand.
اردو — مودودی
یہ لوگ جنہوں نے خدا کے بتائے ہوئے طریقے پر چلنے سے انکار کر دیا ہے اِن کی حالت بالکل ایسی ہے جیسے چرواہا جانوروں کو پکارتا ہے اور وہ ہانک پکار کی صدا کے سوا کچھ نہیں سنتے یہ بہرے ہیں، گونگے ہیں، اندھے ہیں، اس لیے کوئی بات ان کی سمجھ میں نہیں آتی
Bahasa Indonesia — Kemenag
Dan perumpamaan (orang-orang yang menyeru) orang-orang kafir adalah seperti penggembala yang memanggil binatang yang tidak mendengar selain panggilan dan seruan saja. Mereka tuli, bisu dan buta, maka (oleh sebab itu) mereka tidak mengerti.
Ibn Kathir
The Polytheist imitates Other Polytheists
Allah states that if the disbelievers and polytheists are called to follow what Allah has revealed to His Messenger and abandon the practices of misguidance and ignorance that they indulge in, they will say, "Rather. We shall follow what we found our fathers following," meaning, worshipping the idols and the false deities. Allah criticized their reasoning:
أَوَلَوْ كَانَ ءَابَاؤُهُمْ
((Would they do that!) even though their fathers), meaning, those whom they follow and whose practices they imitate, and:
لاَ يَعْقِلُونَ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يَهْتَدُونَ
(...did not understand anything nor were they guided) meaning, they had no sound understanding or guidance. Ibn Ishaq reported that Ibn `Abbas said that this was revealed about a group of Jews whom Allah's Messenger ﷺ called to Islam, but they refused, saying, "Rather, we shall follow what we found our forefathers following." So Allah revealed this Ayah (2:170) above."
The Disbeliever is just like an Animal
Allah then made a parable of the disbelievers, just as He said in another Ayah:
لِلَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالاٌّخِرَةِ مَثَلُ السَّوْءِ
(For those who believe not in the Hereafter is an evil description.) (16:60)
Similarly, Allah said here (2:171 above)
وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ
(And the example of those who disbelieve...) meaning, in their injustice, misguidance and ignorance, they are just like wandering animals, not understanding what they are told; if the shepherd heralds them or calls them to what benefits them, they would not understand what is actually being said to them, for they only hear unintelligible sounds. This is what is reported from Ibn `Abbas, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, `Ata', Al-Hasan, Qatadah, `Ata' Al-Khurasani and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas.
صُمٌّ بُكْمٌ عُمْىٌ
(They are deaf, dumb, and blind.) means, they are deaf, as they do not hear the truth; mute, as they do not utter it; and blind, as they do not see or recognize its path and way.
فَهُمْ لاَ يَعْقِلُونَ
(So they do not understand.) means, they do not comprehend or understand anything.
المُيَسَّر
وصفة الذين كفروا وداعيهم إلى الهدى والإيمان كصفة الراعي الذي يصيح بالبهائم ويزجرها، وهي لا تفهم معاني كلامه، وإنما تسمع النداء ودَوِيَّ الصوت فقط. هؤلاء الكفار صُمٌّ سدُّوا أسماعهم عن الحق، بُكْم أخرسوا ألسنتهم عن النطق به، عُمْي لا ترى أعينهم براهينه الباهرة، فهم لا يعملون عقولهم فيما ينفعهم.